Newsletter Archive - Dec 2001

ARTICLES OF INTEREST FROM THIS ISSUE

mic.gif (117 bytes)  WEAO UV Disinfection Specialty Seminar a resounding success

mic.gif (117 bytes)  Biosolids News: Report now available on Fate and Significance of Selected Contaminants in Sewage Biosolids


WEAO UV Disinfection Specialty Seminar a resounding success

The success of the WEAO 2001 specialty seminars continued with the UV Disinfection Specialty Seminar, held at the CNE, Toronto, on November 15. As with the Biosolids Seminar in September, the attendance was phenomenal, with a total of 99 attendees. There were five equipment supplier booths at the seminar, representing a wide range of UV disinfection equipment for all attendees to view and discuss.

The day began with Troy Briggs, of KMK Consultants, providing the audience with a brief overview on the basics of the UV disinfection process; this ranged from an introduction, the key components, to the basic design considerations for UV disinfection systems.

A presentation by Allan Gates, of Trojan Technologies, dealing with new UV disinfection technologies related to drinking water, followed. He addressed the current available technologies, reactor designs, factors affecting UV disinfection, as well as operating procedures.

Matthew Elliot, from CH2M HILL Canada, addressed Ministry of Environment regulations related to UV disinfection systems. He provided an up to date summary of current regulations, which are pertinent to today's water and wastewater industry.

The next speaker was Justyna Kempa-Teper, R.V. Anderson Associates, who gave a presentation on considerations when designing and installing UV disinfection systems. This was very informative with great detail and important design criteria that need to be kept in mind when looking at the installation of UV systems.

Following lunch, Steve Black, of CH2M HILL Canada, provided the attendees with a very informative and important look at the pilot testing of UV systems. He presented a wealth of information on the considerations that need to be addressed when setting up a pilot system, including the importance of a rigorous sampling protocol.

Volker Masemann, Earth Tech Canada, then discussed some specific applications for UV disinfection systems. The presentation provided excellent detail, with case studies used to illustrate the limitations and considerations that need to be addressed when looking at UV as a disinfection process.

The seminar then turned to the certification process of low pressure/high output reactors in the US. Rob Rainford, ENV Treatment Systems, and Steve Wolfe, WEDECO, provided information on the different type of lamps and design parameters that are taken into account when a system is designed, along with a detailed look at reactor validation consideration and criteria.

G. Elliot Whitby, Ph.D., of Suntec Environmental, made the final presentation on UV disinfection and drinking water applications and considerations. This was very informative and initiated many interesting and compelling questions. It was followed by an interactive panel discussion with the day's speakers.

All who attended appeared to have a good time with supplier booths to view, plenty of time to mingle and network, great food and, of course, informative presentations. Overall, another enjoyable and informative WEAO seminar and a close to a successful season.

The WEAO would like to thank all those who helped organize this seminar, and all the speakers and attendees who made this seminar a great success.

Wes Trimble, CH2M HILL Canada Limited

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Biosolids News: Report now available on Fate and Significance of Selected Contaminants in Sewage Biosolids

WEAO has completed the report entitled Fate and Significance of Selected Contaminants in Sewage Biosolids Applied to Agricultural Land Through Literature Review and Consultation with Stakeholder Groups. Study results had been presented at numerous conferences and meetings. The final report can be downloaded from this location.

WEAO initiated the study in late 1999 as part of an ongoing effort to update and improve the agricultural land application of sewage biosolids in Ontario. Specific objectives of the project were:

  1. Review, assess, and summarize information assembled from literature and consultation with credible non-government organizations, farming associations, experts and regulatory agencies (Stakeholders) regarding the fate and significance of contaminants in sewage biosolids after they are applied to agricultural lands.
  2. Use the information to divide specific contaminants in sewage biosolids into two groups. Group I contaminants have, whereas Group II contaminants do not have, sufficient credible scientific information to assure the public that the current agricultural land application program/guidelines are adequate to protect the well-being of soils, crops, animals, human health, ground and surface water qualities.
  3. Recommend a long-term study program to complete the information gaps and actions that can mitigate any adverse effects that may be caused by the presence of specific contaminants in sewage biosolids. Also, provide comprehensive Terms of Reference for the top three studies identified in the long-term study program.
  4. Disseminate the study findings and recommendations to the Stakeholders and municipalities through report(s) and workshop(s).

Major study conclusions and recommendations are summarized below:

  • Heavy metals: the current 11 metals being regulated in the biosolids guidelines are deemed to be adequate and are classified as Group I. The other metals, silver, antimony, etc., are deemed to be Group II; more data collection in biosolids and soil are recommended.
  • Pathogens are deemed as Group II. Human health impacts of pathogens in land applied sewage biosolids have been studied by many experts. They all arrived at a similar conclusion that application of biosolids on agricultural land is safe, provided the guidelines are followed. This included a 3-year epidemiological study done by Ohio University which compared the health of the people living on farms that received biosolids to those living on farms that did not receive biosolids. Some members of the public, however, are still skeptical or not convinced of the evidence. Their concerns arise from a variety of incidences: the Walkerton E.coli outbreak; microbial contamination of tile drainage water following animal manure application; perceived inadequate monitoring and control of biosolids application. The study recommended studies be carried out to define and build consensus on risk assessment and management, and to develop and/or evaluate best management practices to minimize risks.
  • Trace Organics, which include VOCs, PAHs, pesticides, dioxins and furans, and LAS surfactants, are deemed to be Group I, due to their low concentrations in biosolids and/or rapid loss in the soil.
  • Endocrine Disrupters: Alkylphenol surfactants and their degradation products including 4-nonyl phenol are deemed to be Group I because these contaminants biodegraded rapidly in aerobic soil. Estrogenic hormones are considered as Group II due to lack of data. However, ongoing work at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada on concentrations and fate of estrogenic hormones in land-applied animal manure would be useful to estimate the significance of hormones in sewage biosolids.
  • Pharmaceuticals are considered as Group II due to lack of information in biosolids. By nature, most pharmaceuticals are designed to be water-soluble, biodegradable and have short half-lives. The study recommended that analytical methods for measuring pharmaceuticals in biosolids be developed and then followed by field surveys.
  • Radionuclides are deemed as Group II. Ontario sewer use by-laws prohibited the discharge of radionuclides. Medically used radionuclides that may be discharged with human wastes are short-lived.
  • Nitrogen and Phosphorus are deemed to be Group I due to loading limits of 135 kg of plant available nitrogen per hectare per five years.

The study was co-sponsored by the Ontario Ministry of Environment, Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Environment Canada, City of Windsor, Regional Municipality of Waterloo, City of Hamilton, Regional Municipality of Niagara, Regional Municipality of Halton, City of Toronto, Regional Municipality of Durham, City of Peterborough, City of Ottawa and Ontario Federation of Agriculture.

Further information regarding the proposed Nutrient Management legislation is available through OMAFRA's website at: www.gov.on.ca/OMAFRA.

Janice Patterson, OMAFRA

Contributions should be directed to Stephen Nutt at: stephen@xcg.com or Janice Patterson at: janice.patterson@omafra.gov.on.ca.

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